Cloquet Christophe

Bénédicte Lelièvre, Chloe Bruneau, Marion Legeay, Juliette Parisot, Christophe Cloquet. Identification of the origin of infantile saturnism based on lead isotopic and elemental ratios. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, Elsevier, 2020, 62, pp.126627. ⟨10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126627⟩. ⟨hal-02915093⟩

Benedicte Lelievre, Chloe Bruneau, Marion Legeay, Juliette Parisot, Christophe Cloquet, et al.. RIFINing Plasmodium–NK Cell Interaction. Trends in Parasitology, Elsevier, 2020, 62, pp.126627. ⟨10.1016/j.pt.2020.07.017⟩. ⟨hal-02942836⟩

I. Zelano, C. Cloquet, A. van der Ent, G. Echevarria, R. Gley, et al.. Coupling nickel chemical speciation and isotope ratios to decipher nickel dynamics in the Rinorea cf. bengalensis-soil system in Malaysian Borneo. Plant and Soil, Springer Verlag, 2020, ⟨10.1007/s11104-020-04541-0⟩. ⟨hal-02932912⟩

S. Seman, L. Dussubieux, C. Cloquet, Thomas Pryce. Strontium isotope analysis in ancient glass from South Asia using portable laser ablation sampling. Archaeometry, Wiley, In press, 63 (1), pp.88-104. ⟨10.1111/arcm.12618⟩. ⟨cea-02954373⟩

Wen-Jun Yang, Keng-Bo Ding, Peng Zhang, Hao Qiu, Christophe Cloquet, et al.. Cadmium stable isotope variation in a mountain area impacted by acid mine drainage. Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier, 2019, 646, pp.696-703. ⟨10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.210⟩. ⟨hal-02171139⟩

Laurent Lanceleur, Emmanuel Tessier, Maïté Bueno, Reinhard Pienitz, Frédéric Bouchard, et al.. Cycling and atmospheric exchanges of selenium in Canadian subarctic thermokarst ponds. Biogeochemistry, Springer Verlag, 2019, 145 (1-2), pp.193-211. ⟨10.1007/s10533-019-00599-w⟩. ⟨hal-02319607⟩

Mélissa Cadet, Thongsa Sayavongkhamdy, Viengkeo Souksavatdy, Thonglith Luangkhoth, Philippe Dillmann, et al.. Laos' central role in Southeast Asian copper exchange networks: A multi-method study of bronzes from the Vilabouly Complex. Journal of Archaeological Science, Elsevier, 2019, 109, pp.104988. ⟨10.1016/j.jas.2019.104988⟩. ⟨cea-02296084⟩

Delphine Yeghicheyan, Dominique Aubert, Martine Bouhnik-Le Coz, Jérôme Chmeleff, Sophie Delpoux, et al.. A New Interlaboratory Characterisation of Silicon, Rare Earth Elements and Twenty‐Two other Trace Element Mass Fractions in the Natural River Water Certified Reference Material SLRS ‐6 ( NRC ‐ CNRC ). Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, Wiley, 2019, 43 (3), pp.475-496. ⟨10.1111/ggr.12268⟩. ⟨insu-02123880⟩

I.O. Zelano, C. Cloquet, F. Fraysse, S. Dong, Noemie Janot, et al.. The influence of organic complexation on Ni isotopic fractionation and Ni recycling in the upper soil layers. Chemical Geology, Elsevier, 2018, 483, pp.47-55. ⟨10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.02.023⟩. ⟨hal-01939697⟩

Matthieu Harlaux, Julien Mercadier, Christian Marignac, Chantal Peiffert, Christophe Cloquet, et al.. Tracing metal sources in peribatholitic hydrothermal W deposits based on the chemical composition of wolframite: The example of the Variscan French Massif Central. Chemical Geology, Elsevier, 2018, 479, pp.58-85. ⟨10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.12.029⟩. ⟨hal-02334104⟩

Yuxu Zhang, Hanjie Wen, Chuanwei Zhu, Haifeng Fan, Christophe Cloquet. Cadmium isotopic evidence for the evolution of marine primary productivity and the biological extinction event during the Permian-Triassic crisis from the Meishan section, South China. Chemical Geology, Elsevier, 2018, 481, pp.110-118. ⟨10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.02.005⟩. ⟨hal-02915118⟩

Chuanwei Zhu, Hanjie Wen, Yuxu Zhang, Runsheng Yin, Christophe Cloquet. Cd isotope fractionation during sulfide mineral weathering in the Fule Zn-Pb-Cd deposit, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier, 2018, 616-617, pp.64-72. ⟨10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.293⟩. ⟨hal-02915115⟩

Haifeng Fan, Hanjie Wen, Chaoyi Xiao, Ting Zhou, Christophe Cloquet, et al.. Zinc Geochemical Cycling in a Phosphorus‐Rich Ocean During the Early Ediacaran. Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, Wiley-Blackwell, 2018, 123 (8), pp.5248-5260. ⟨10.1029/2018JC014068⟩. ⟨hal-02915124⟩

B. Le Gall, S. Leleu, R. Pik, F. Jourdan, G. Chazot, et al.. The Red Beds series in the Erta Ale segment, North Afar. Evidence for a 6 Ma-old post-rift basin prior to continental rupturing. Tectonophysics, Elsevier, 2018, 747-748, pp.373 - 389. ⟨10.1016/j.tecto.2018.10.002⟩. ⟨hal-01902704⟩

Anne-Lise Mariet, Fabrice Monna, Frédéric Gimbert, Carole Bégeot, Christophe Cloquet, et al.. Tracking past mining activity using trace metals, lead isotopes and compositional data analysis of a sediment core from Longemer Lake, Vosges Mountains, France. Journal of Paleolimnology, Springer Verlag, 2018, ⟨10.1007/s10933-018-0029-9⟩. ⟨hal-01830565⟩

Anne-Lise Mariet, Anne-Véronique Walter-Simonnet, Frédéric Gimbert, Christophe Cloquet, Carole Bégeot. High-temporal resolution landscape changes related to anthropogenic activities over the past millennium in the Vosges Mountains (France). AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, Springer Verlag, In press, 47 (8), pp.893-907. ⟨10.1007/s13280-018-1044-9⟩. ⟨hal-01743003⟩

Corey Archer, Morten Andersen, Christophe Cloquet, Tim Conway, Shuofei Dong, et al.. Inter-calibration of a proposed new primary reference standard AA-ETH Zn for zinc isotopic analysis. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017, 32 (2), pp.415-419. ⟨10.1039/c6ja00282j⟩. ⟨hal-02915128⟩

Chuanwei Zhu, Hanjie Wen, Yuxu Zhang, Shaohong Fu, Haifeng Fan, et al.. Cadmium isotope fractionation in the Fule Mississippi Valley-type deposit, Southwest China. Mineralium Deposita, Spinger, 2017, 52 (5), pp.675-686. ⟨10.1007/s00126-016-0691-7⟩. ⟨hal-02915133⟩

K. Hashizume, D.L. Pinti, B. Orberger, Christophe Cloquet, M. Jayananda, et al.. A biological switch at the ocean surface as a cause of laminations in a Precambrian iron formation.. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier, 2016, 446:, pp.27-36 (IF 4,734). ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2016.04.023⟩. ⟨hal-01318569⟩

Yuxu Zhang, Hanjie Wen, Chuanwei Zhu, Haifeng Fan, Chongguang Luo, et al.. Cd isotope fractionation during simulated and natural weathering. Environmental Pollution, Elsevier, 2016, 216, pp.9 - 17. ⟨10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.060⟩. ⟨hal-01772371⟩

Hanjie Wen, Chuanwei Zhu, Yuxu Zhang, Christophe Cloquet, Haifeng Fan, et al.. Zn/Cd ratios and cadmium isotope evidence for the classification of lead-zinc deposits. Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2016, 6 (1), pp.25273. ⟨10.1038/srep25273⟩. ⟨hal-01772694⟩

Ye-Tao Tang, Christophe Cloquet, Teng-Hao-Bo Deng, Thibault Sterckeman, Guillaume Echevarria, et al.. Zinc Isotope Fractionation in the Hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and the Nonaccumulating Plant Thlaspi arvense at Low and High Zn Supply. Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, 2016, 50 (15), pp.8020-8027. ⟨10.1021/acs.est.6b00167⟩. ⟨hal-01594591⟩

Matthias M.M. Meier, Christophe Cloquet, Bernard Marty. Mercury (Hg) in meteorites: Variations in abundance, thermal release profile, mass-dependent and mass-independent isotopic fractionation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Elsevier, 2016, 182, pp.55 - 72. ⟨10.1016/j.gca.2016.03.007⟩. ⟨hal-01772646⟩

François Chabaux, Jeroen E. Sonke, Philippe Négrel, Christophe Cloquet. Geochemical and isotopic record of anthropogenic activities – Thematic issue dedicated to Jean Carignan (1965–2012). Part 1: Radiogenic isotopes and elemental geochemistry. Comptes Rendus Géoscience, Elsevier Masson, 2015, 347 (5-6), ⟨10.1016/j.crte.2015.09.001⟩. ⟨hal-01357428⟩

François Chabaux, Jeroen E. Sonke, Philippe Négrel, Christophe Cloquet. Geochemical and isotopic record of anthropogenic activities – Thematic issue dedicated to Jean Carignan (1965–2012). Part 2: Traditional and non-traditional stable isotopes. Comptes Rendus Géoscience, Elsevier Masson, 2015, 347 (7-8), ⟨10.1016/j.crte.2015.09.002⟩. ⟨hal-01357434⟩

Nicolas Estrade, Christophe Cloquet, Guillaume Echevarria, Thibault Sterckeman, Tenghaobo Deng, et al.. Weathering and vegetation controls on nickel isotope fractionation in surface ultramafic environments (Albania). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier, 2015, 423, pp.24 - 35. ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2015.04.018⟩. ⟨hal-01771581⟩

Christophe Cloquet, Nicolas Estrade, Jean Carignan. Ten years of elemental atmospheric metal fallout and Pb isotopic composition monitoring using lichens in northeastern France. Comptes Rendus Géoscience, Elsevier Masson, 2015, 347 (5-6), pp.257 - 266. ⟨10.1016/j.crte.2015.04.003⟩. ⟨hal-01771506⟩

Barbara Marie, Luc Marin, Pierre-Yves Martin, Tioga Gulon, Jean Carignan, et al.. Determination of Mercury in One Hundred and Sixteen Geological and Environmental Reference Materials Using a Direct Mercury Analyser. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, Wiley, 2015, 39 (1), pp.71 - 86. ⟨10.1111/j.1751-908X.2013.00254.x⟩. ⟨hal-01769705⟩

Hanjie Wen, Yuxu Zhang, Christophe Cloquet, Chuanwei Zhu, Haifeng Fan, et al.. Tracing sources of pollution in soils from the Jinding Pb–Zn mining district in China using cadmium and lead isotopes. Applied Geochemistry, Elsevier, 2015, 52, pp.147 - 154. ⟨10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.11.025⟩. ⟨hal-01771557⟩

Hanjie Wen, Haifeng Fan, Yuxu Zhang, Christophe Cloquet, Jean Carignan. Reconstruction of early Cambrian ocean chemistry from Mo isotopes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Elsevier, 2015, 164, pp.1-16. ⟨10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.008⟩. ⟨hal-01771411⟩

Stéphane Aebischer, Christophe Cloquet, Jean Carignan, Charles Maurice, Reinhard Pienitz. Disruption of the geochemical metal cycle during mining: Multiple isotope studies of lake sediments from Schefferville, subarctic Québec. Chemical Geology, Elsevier, 2015, 412, pp.167 - 178. ⟨10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.07.028⟩. ⟨hal-01769718⟩

P-Ph Remy, M. Etique, A. A. Hazotte, A-S Sergent, N. Estrade, et al.. Pseudo-first-order reaction of chemically and biologically formed green rusts with HgII and C15H15N3O2: effects of pH and stabilizing agents (phosphate, silicate, polyacrylic acid, and bacterial cells). Water Research, IWA Publishing, 2015, 70, pp.266-278. ⟨10.1016/j.watres.2014.12.007⟩. ⟨hal-01153424⟩

Teng-Hao-Bo Deng, Christophe Cloquet, Ye-Tao Tang, Thibault Sterckeman, Guillaume Echevarria, et al.. Nickel and Zinc Isotope Fractionation in Hyperaccumulating and Nonaccumulating Plants. Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, 2014, 48 (20), pp.11926 - 11933. ⟨10.1021/es5020955⟩. ⟨hal-01768346⟩

Hanjie Wen, Jean Carignan, Xuelei Chu, Haifeng Fan, Christophe Cloquet, et al.. Selenium isotopes trace anoxic and ferruginous seawater conditions in the Early Cambrian. Chemical Geology, Elsevier, 2014, 390, pp.164 - 172. ⟨10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.10.022⟩. ⟨hal-01768993⟩

Melina de Bruycker, R van den Bergh, A Dahmane, M Khogali, B Schiavetti, et al.. Non-adherence to standard treatment guidelines in a rural paediatric hospital in Sierra Leone. Public Health Action, 2013, 3 (2), pp.118 - 124. ⟨10.5588/pha.12.0060⟩. ⟨hal-01764010⟩

Delphine Yeghicheyan, C. Bossy, Martine Bouhnik-Le Coz, C. Douchet, G. Granier, et al.. A Compilation of Silicon, Rare Earth Element and Twenty-One other Trace Element Concentrations in the Natural River Water Reference Material SLRS-5 (NRC-CNRC). Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, Wiley, 2013, 37 (4), pp.449-467. ⟨10.1111/j.1751-908X.2013.00232.x⟩. ⟨hal-00906166⟩

Yetao Tang, Christophe Cloquet, Thibault Sterckeman, Guillaume Echevarria, Jean Carignan, et al.. Fractionation of stable zinc isotopes in the field-grown zinc hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and the zinc-tolerant plant Silene vulgaris.. Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, 2012, 46 (18), pp.9972-9979. ⟨10.1021/es3015056⟩. ⟨hal-02642579⟩

H. Wen, J. Carignan, C. Cloquet, X. Zhu, Y. Zhang. Isotopic delta values of molybdenum standard reference and prepared solutions measured by MC-ICP-MS: Proposition for delta zero and secondary references. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010, 25, pp.716-721. ⟨10.1039/b921060a⟩. ⟨hal-00486768⟩

Thibault Sterckeman, J. Carignan, Iyad Srayeddin, Denis Baize, C. Cloquet. Availability of soil cadmium using stable and radioactive isotope dilution. Geoderma, Elsevier, 2009, 153 (3-4), pp.372-378. ⟨10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.08.026⟩. ⟨hal-01486287⟩

Agnès Brenot, Christophe Cloquet, Nathalie Vigier, Jean Carignan, Christian France-Lanord. Magnesium isotope systematics of the lithologically varied Moselle river basin, France. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Elsevier, 2008, 72 (20), pp.5070-5089. ⟨10.1016/j.gca.2008.07.027⟩. ⟨hal-00641646⟩

Gaël Le Roux, Jeroen E. Sonke, Christophe Cloquet, Dominique Aubert, François de Vleeschouwer. Comment on "The biosphere: A homogeniser of Pb-isotope signals" by C. Reimann, B. Flem, A. Arnoldussen, P. Englmaier, T.E. Finne, F. Koller and Ø. Nordgulen. Applied Geochemistry, Elsevier, 2008, vol. 23, pp. 2789-2792. ⟨10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.05.017⟩. ⟨hal-00987558⟩

G. Le Roux, J. E. Sonke, Christophe Cloquet, D. Aubert, De Vleeschouwer François. Comment on ‘‘The biosphere: A homogeniser of Pb-isotope signals” by C. Reimann, B. Flem, A. Arnoldussen, P. Englmaier, T.E. Finne, F. Koller and Ø. Nordgulen. Applied Geochemistry, Elsevier, 2008, 23, pp.2789-2793. ⟨hal-00325750⟩

D.L. Pinti, K. Hashizume, B. Orberger, J.P. Gallien, C. Cloquet, et al.. Biogenic origin of intergrown Mo-sulphide- and carbonaceous matter in Lower Cambrian black shales (Zunyi Formation, southern China). Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, AGU and the Geochemical Society, 2007, 8 (N2), pp.1-19. ⟨hal-00377037⟩

D. de Muynck, C. Cloquet, E. Smits, F. de Wolff, Ghylaine Quitté, et al.. Lead isotopic analysis of infant bone tissue dating from the Roman Era via multi-collector ICP – mass spectrometry.. Analytical Bioanalyse Chemistry (ABC), 2007, 390, pp.477-486. ⟨hal-00339318⟩

C. Cloquet, J. Carignan, G. Libourel, Thibault Sterckeman, E. Perdrix. Tracing source pollution in soils using cadmium and lead isotopes. Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, 2006, 40 (8), pp.2525-2530. ⟨10.1021/es052232+⟩. ⟨hal-01486237⟩

Jean Carignan, Guy Libourel, Christophe Cloquet, Lydie Le Forestier. Lead Isotopic Composition of Fly Ash and Flue Gas Residues from Municipal Solid Waste Combustors in France: Implications for Atmospheric Lead Source Tracing.. Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, 2005, 39, pp.7, 2018-2024. ⟨10.1021/es048693x⟩. ⟨hal-00023362⟩

Christophe Cloquet, Mathieu Le Meur, Hussein Kanbar, Shuofei Dong, Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier. Zinc behavior in river materials through the double spectroscopic and isotopic tools. Goldschmidt conference, Aug 2018, Boston, United States. ⟨hal-03169839⟩

C. Cloquet, D.L. Pinti, B. Orberger, K. Hashizume, M. Jayananda, et al.. Iron isotopic composition of iron-silica layers along a profile in a single =2,9 Ga old BIF from Dhawar Craton, southern India. GAC-MAC, May 2006, Montréal, Canada. ⟨hal-00410845⟩

B. Orberger, D.L. Pinti, C. Cloquet, K. Hashizume, H. Somaya, et al.. biomarkers in Archaean banded iron formations from Pilbara and Dhawar Craton. 16h Annuel V.M. Goldschmidt conference, Aug 2006, Melbourne, Australia. pp.A461-A461. ⟨hal-00408073⟩

B. Orberger, D.L. Pinti, C. Cloquet, K. Hashizume, H. Soyama, et al.. Biomarkers in Archaean banded iron formations from Pilbara and Dhawar Craton. Colloque National PNP, Sep 2006, Nancy, France. ⟨hal-00411993⟩

D.L. Pinti, B. Orberger, K. Hashizume, C. Cloquet, R. Wirth. Investigating biomarkers (N, C, Fe) in Archean cherts at micro- and nanoscale : new techniques at work. GAC-MAC, May 2006, Montréal, Canada. ⟨hal-00412095⟩

B. Orberger, D.L. Pinti, C. Cloquet, K. Hashizume, H. Soyama, et al.. Biomarkers in Archaean banded iron formations from Pilbara and Dhawar Craton. ESPC : co-convenor : session : origin of life, Sep 2006, Berlin, Germany. ⟨hal-00411994⟩

Christophe Cloquet, J. Carignan, Thibault Sterckeman. Etude de la composition isotopique du cadmium comme traceur potentiel de source de pollution. 3. Meeting of the French Stable Isotope Society, Sep 2004, Paris, France. ⟨hal-02763931⟩

Isabella Zelano, Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier, Renaud Gley, F. Fraysse, Gautier Landrot, et al.. Ni isotopic fractionation at the interface with mineral phases. Goldschmidt conference, Aug 2018, Boston, France. ⟨hal-03170240⟩

Isabella Zelano, Christophe Cloquet, Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier, F. Fraysse, Shuofei Dong. Ni isotopic fractionation due to interaction with small organic acids and purified humic acids. Goldschmidt Conference, Jun 2016, Yokohama, Japan. ⟨hal-03179717⟩

Shuofei Dong, Christophe Cloquet, Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier, Isabella Zelano. Investigation of using Ni isotopes as anthropogenic source tracer in river sediments: a preliminary study. Goldschmidt conference, Jun 2016, Yokohama, Japan. ⟨hal-03179424⟩

Shuofei Dong, Christophe Cloquet, Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier, Hussein Kanbar, Laurence Mansuy-Huault. Identifying the Anthropogenic Sources in River Sediments with Zn and Pb Isotope Signatures: A Case Study in Northeast France. Goldschmidt conference, Jun 2016, Yokohama, Japan. ⟨hal-03179416⟩

Tenghaobo Deng, Christophe Cloquet, Thibault Sterckeman, Yetao Tang, Guillaume Echevarria, et al.. Nickel and zinc isotope fractionation in hyperaccumulating and non-accumulating plants. Goldschmidt California 2014, Jun 2014, Sacramento, United States. 2014. ⟨hal-01267091⟩

Nicolas Estrade, Christophe Cloquet, Tenghaobo Deng, Guillaume Echevarria, Thibault Sterckeman, et al.. Nickel isotope fractionation in the soil-plant system of ultramafic environments. Goldschmidt California 2014, Jun 2014, Sacramento, United States. 2014. ⟨hal-01267088⟩

Nicolas Estrade, Christophe Cloquet, Tenghaobo Deng, Guillaume Echevarria, Thibault Sterckeman, et al.. Nickel isotope fractionation in the soil to hyper-accumulating plant system. Goldschmidt 2013, Aug 2013, Florence, Italy. 2013. ⟨hal-01267085⟩

Nicolas Estrade, Tenghaobo Deng, Christophe Cloquet, Guillaume Echevarria, Thibault Sterckeman, et al.. Nickel isotope fractionation in the soil to hyper-accumulating plant system.. EnvironMetal Isotopes 2013 conference (EMI2013), Aug 2013, Ascona, Switzerland. 2013. ⟨hal-01267087⟩

Thibault Sterckeman, Yetao Tang, Christophe Cloquet, Guillaume Echevarria, Jean Carignan, et al.. Fractionation of stable Zn isotopes in the Zn hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and two non-accumulating species, Thlaspi arvense and Silene vulgaris.. 12th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements, Jun 2013, Athens, United States. 2013. ⟨hal-01267090⟩

Yetao Tang, Christophe Cloquet, Thibault Sterckeman, Jean-Louis Morel, Jean Carignan, et al.. Zn isotopes variation in field hyperaccumulator plant species.. The 22nd V.M. Goldschmidt Conference (Goldschmidt 2012), Jun 2012, Montréal, Canada. 2012. ⟨hal-01267084⟩

Aurore Didier, Benjamin Mutin, Sylvain Bauvais, Christophe Cloquet, Jérôme Marin, et al.. Compositional Analyses of Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Ceramics from the Indo-Iranian Borderlands and southern Central Asia: Preliminary Results and Interpretations. Henri-Paul Francfort; Nikolaus Boroffka. The Roxiana Project. Archaeological Researches on Metal and Pottery Assemblages from the Oxus Basin to the Indus Valley during Protohistory, Dietrich Reimer Verlag, In press, Archäologie in Iran und Turan. ⟨halshs-02978638⟩

Christophe Cloquet. Géochimie élémentaire et isotopique des métaux lourds : applications environnementales en tissu urbain et industriel. Sciences de la Terre. Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, 2005. Français. ⟨NNT : 2005INPL028N⟩. ⟨tel-01749745⟩